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About Those Eyes...
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About Those Eyes...

by Brad Hill

Gallery: WildlifePosted November 16, 2009497 views16 comments
Hello all,

I shot this "active portrait" of this sub-adult grizzly in the spring of 2009. The bear made by job easy by coming at me at the exact angle to the sun to produce maximal detail in the facial and eye region. While side-lighting is usually my favourite light, it's usually too harsh for producing wildlife portraits, especially if you're not willing or able to use flash-fill (which I personally won't use on wild bears). In this case the bear was front/side-lit - with the sun at a 45 degree angle to the line formed between the bear's eyes and me. I shot the image while on my knees - which is a very convenient position in a situation like this because it allows you to quickly switch over to praying immediately after the photo is captured! ;-)

I've cropped this image tighter than I'd normally prefer for aesthetic regions simply because I wanted to make sure the exact direction of the bear's stare was visible here - which is the topic of this commentary...

It's pretty much universally accepted among wildlife photographers that effectively capturing an animal's eyes, especially when they contain those bright sparkles known as "catch-lights", can be a big asset to a wildlife shot. But where should the animal be looking? I know of photographers that love to have the subject staring directly at them - I've heard it referred to as "full eye contact" and "direct eye contact" and even "perfect eye contact". But...I know of image BUYERS that immediately reject shots where the subject is staring directly at the photographer for exactly that reason - the animal is staring directly at, and thus interacting with, the photographer. In other words, the animal's behaviour is being directly affected by the photographer and is, thus, "not natural". Then there are the situations where the animal's eyes are fully visible yet clearly not looking directly at the photographer - close, but not quite. The image above is an example of this - the bear is actually looking slightly above and to my right (I can't recall what this bear was looking at when I shot this - I was probably hoping it was something more appetizing than me!). And then there's the "eye-visible-but-looking-into-the-distance" style where the animal can appear to be looking almost pensive.

I have to admit I have no clear-cut favourite eye-direction myself - I find it varies with what I'm trying to accomplish with the image. I have some bear portraits where the subject is staring so intently at me it appears to have a deep intelligence - I know of no other way to convey this feeling without having the subject looking directly at me. But, I have a number of other shots where the bear is looking into the distance in what looks to be a contemplative stare. And, I even have a few shots where the eye direction says a lot about the relationship between multiple subjects. The eyes can say an awful lot!

The take-home lesson? Probably just that if you have the chance (when you're working closely with a wild subject) try to capture several different types of eye contact - not JUST that full-on stare. It could make the difference between selling an image and having it end up in the "reject" pile!

All comments and feedback appreciated. I'm particularly interested in what type of eye contact you prefer to shoot in your images or see in a wildlife image. As always, probably better to take a look at the larger version first...

Subject: Sub-adult male Grizzly Bear (Ursus arctos) at close range
Location: Khutzeymateen Inlet, Northern BC Coast (Great Bear Rainforest), Canada
Camera: Nikon D700
Lens: Nikon 200-400 mm f/4G ED-IF AF-S VR lens @ 200mm - supported on Gitzo 1348 carbon fibre tripod with Wimberley head. VR on and set to "Normal" mode.
Exposure: 1/250s at f5. ISO 450. -0.33 stop compensation from matrix metered exposure.
Crop: A little more than normal - this is about 80% of original capture

As usual, all the gory details behind this image (field notes, all camera settings and processing details, conservation, etc.) - and an even more closely cropped version of the image - found at:

http://www.naturalart.ca/galleries/latest/detail_2.html.

Cheers...thanks in advance for feedback on the image or commentary...

Brad

Comments

16 comments
Comment posted by Luke Ormand on November 16, 2009 at 7:57 PM
Fantastic photo and a great assessment of eye contact. I too am on the fence about which one is "better". It's always great to get the eye contact, but you don't want to become a distraction, especially when it comes to a big hungry bear. . .

The things I like most about this photo are the blades of grass coming out from the mouth, the wet legs and the narrow crop which makes it look like the bear is trying to make itself skinny to fit. Well done
Registered on February 4, 2009, 1093 Posts, 7035 Comments
Comment posted by Neil Rossmiller on November 16, 2009 at 8:30 PM
Hi Brad,
I've never known anyone who has had the ability to go into the details, the why's and how's for success in this avocation, like you. I, for one, learn something from each analysis you make. I try to get my photographers to "see" when they look. I know that in the heat of the moment, training and instinct take over, but being able to connect all the dots comes from this kind of interaction. Thanks!
As to this image? I really like the way there is only 1 focus change. The foreground being sharp really helps the impact of the bear and the OOF background isolates the bear. Very Nice!
Thanks for sharing your image and you expertise!
Neil
Registered on October 30, 2009, 156 Posts, 749 Comments
Comment posted by Rick Gomez on November 16, 2009 at 9:07 PM
Fantastic shot, Brad! Admittedly, I'm gonna have to come back to read your commentary. I am always interested in what you have to say.
What an intense image though! :toast: :jump:
Registered on March 3, 2007, 206 Posts, 1853 Comments
Comment posted by JACK NEAL on November 16, 2009 at 9:09 PM
Hi Brad,
Love the shot! Up close and personal time! I like the foreground and the bear being so in focus. It makes you feel as if you could reach out and touch the bear. I like to have the eyes looking somewhat toward me, but even that is not always important. I think the picture needs to tell a story, and yours does!
Registered on September 26, 2009, 131 Posts, 554 Comments
Comment posted by Kurt Bowman on November 16, 2009 at 9:48 PM
Absolutely gorgeous shot Brad! Love the look on his face. It makes me feel if he is coming over to check on me or something!
Registered on June 19, 2008, 1005 Posts, 8028 Comments
Comment posted by Ron Richins on November 17, 2009 at 11:09 AM
Brad,

Nice photo. One thing bugs me about it though: there's nice contrast in the bear's fur all around the head. However, the head lacks similar contrast, appearing flat. Could be the direction of lighting, but the rest of the bear had direct lighting too. Otherwise, I love the stare along with the sharp grasses and bear.
Registered on March 6, 2008, 113 Posts, 1009 Comments
Comment posted by Vincent Grafhorst on November 17, 2009 at 1:20 PM
200mm hey, are you sure he is not looking at your funny hat? :biggrin: Great image Brad and a good subject you are bringing up again.
Personally, I also look for images with different types of eye contact. Like you said the eyes can say an awful lot and they can change the character of an image completely. For that reason it is also always so important to get the eyes tack sharp.

Even a straight eye-to-eye contact image can be extremely powerful and really emotionally move a viewer. Yes it does show interaction with the photographer, but only if you think 'photographer'. You could also think 'prey' or with a cute subject like Rick Gomez' Owl monkeys last week 'how sweet, he is looking at me'. In other words, if you are after interaction with the viewer of the image, you need direct eye contact. If you want to portray a scene whereby the viewer is not there, but merely an onlooker, then obviously not. Lots more to say about this topic and I am looking forward to more comments about it.
Registered on February 24, 2006, 504 Posts, 7203 Comments
Comment posted by Dan Walters on November 17, 2009 at 8:48 PM
What a great image! I love your low angle and the direction of the eys. It does make you wonder what the bear is looking at. Great detail in the bear as well.
Registered on October 30, 2005, 405 Posts, 3693 Comments
Comment posted by Ajit Huilgol on November 18, 2009 at 7:21 AM
Brad, once again congratulations on a fabulous photograph! But, I love your discussion even more, if that is possible! Was it drizzling? There appear to be many tiny streaks of raindrops in the larger photo. :toast: :toast: :toast:
Registered on December 19, 2008, 302 Posts, 2055 Comments
Comment posted by Paul Marcellini on November 18, 2009 at 9:38 AM
At this range, I would not be thinking about what eye positioning I would want. =) I'm not sure I have a preference, but I had previously thought, at lest for print sales, that direct eye contact was best. A great capture, well done. Love the grass in the mouth.
Registered on November 27, 2007, 250 Posts, 2468 Comments
Comment posted by Sally King on November 18, 2009 at 2:17 PM
He looks bashful to me. I love the wonderful fur details you always have as well as that grass in the mouth. In terms of eye contact it depends on the image. I often like images where the critter is looking right at the camera but also ones where it is intent on what it is doing.
Registered on December 2, 2008, 416 Posts, 4450 Comments
Comment posted by Lon Sharp on November 19, 2009 at 10:13 AM
Clearly this works MUCH better with the eyes aimed askance than if they were directly facing the lens. The only nit (and this is kind of "way out there") for me would be the reflected green of the grass on the muzzle. It might make for an interesting forum discussion... When this occurs in my captures I almost always try to minimize by desaturating or eliminate it, even though I fully realize it was present at the scene and real. But, my eye/brain never sees it in life, but I always see it in the photo. On another note, I find it interesting that all the grasses look clipped. Grazing? Herbivores? Bears? On is this your front lawn? :biggrin:
Registered on December 9, 2007, 258 Posts, 9892 Comments
Comment posted by Brad Hill on November 19, 2009 at 10:29 AM
Hello all,

Thanks for the feedback on this image and commentary topic. A few specific responses:

1. To Neil and Ajit: Thanks! I used to get rude spam (from a non-NPN member) anytime I posted one of these longer commentaries, so it's nice to hear they're appreciated by some. Fortunately (for me) I can type fast!

2. To Lon: I was waiting for a question about the clipped grass! I was surprised it took so long for someone to ask about it (but not surprised it was you who noticed it). The bears are solely responsible for the clipping - if you watch them closely they clip them all at virtually the identical height. These are tidal flats and the bear is on a small island that is submerged at every high tide. The grasses and sedges grow amazingly fast and only days after one island is trimmed right down it's ready for clipping again. Actually, despite the high number of bears in the inlet, ultimately they can't keep up with the grass growth and by mid June the grass is long enough to conceal the bears (which makes things real "fun" in there!).

Cheers all - thanks for the feedback...

Brad
Registered on May 29, 2007, 431 Posts, 6061 Comments
Comment posted by Mike Bonar on November 19, 2009 at 8:37 PM
Awesome photo! I am also on the fence regarding the eyes. I prefer the intensity of bugling elk looking directly into the camera, but in most photos I dont prefer direct eye contact. Thanks for your discussion on this topic.
Registered on November 11, 2009, 25 Posts, 50 Comments
Comment posted by Joe James on November 20, 2009 at 3:41 PM
Great shot and thanks for the commentary on eye contact. Something especially hard with bears b/c their eyes blend in with their coat color. You did a great job here. I vote with the folks who want the animal behaving naturally, not checking the photographer out.
Registered on November 20, 2009, 89 Posts, 808 Comments
Comment posted by Jim Hackley on November 23, 2009 at 6:08 PM
It is nice to have a animal cooperate with the angle of the light. Your shots are a pleasure to view, the detail, color and composition all combine to make this a wonderful shot. Well done.

I have a tendency to like eye contact just slightly off instead of direct eye contact. To me it gives no hint that the animal is looking at you and more towards just behaving naturally. I really started to lean that way after participating in the Avian gallery and prefer a bird looking away than directly at you.
Registered on September 17, 2009, 302 Posts, 5535 Comments